The Renaissance (1300- 1600 AD)

Sometimes called the Great Age of Humanism the Renaissance revived the ideals embodied in the ancient Greek maxim- “ Man is the measure of things” -that prevailed in the Classical Greece.  

A reawakening of the features of the old Greek and Roman civilizations could be noted.

Many universities were established. E.g.: - Praise, Oxford, Cambridge, Naples

Science Medicine, Mathematics, Astrology, Astronomy, Philosophy and Law were some of the subjects read in these universities.

New Discoveries.

• 1492 -Spain financed Columbus’ voyage to the New World (1492, 1493, 1498 and 1503)
• 1498 -Vasco da Gama discovered the sea rout to India
• 1507 - the term America was used to denote the New World as a mark of respect for Amerigo Vespucci, the first European to land on the continent of America.
• Nicholaus Copernicus (1473 Poland)

1512 - Proposed that the Earth and the other planets rotated in their axis while revolving around the Sun

Initiated the study of Astrology scientifically by publishing a book on heavenly bodies.

Called the father of the modern Astronomy

• 1520 – Ferdinand Magellan embarked on circumnavigating the globe

• Galileo Galilei (1565 Italy)

Proposed that the speed at which an object falls does not have any relevance to its mass. This discovery formed the basis of modern Mechanics.

Invented a telescope

Discovered that there were mountains and craters on the Moon.

Discovered Sunspots

Discovered satellites of Jupiter

Reconfirmed that the Earth revolves around the Sun

• Johannes Kepler (1571 German)

Discovered that the planets move on an elliptical path. 

• Sir Isaac Newton (England)

Discovered the Force of Gravity

Invented the reflective telescope

Wrote “ Philosophiae Naturalis Principa Mathematica”

Arts

The city of Florence was the centre of Arts in the Renaissance Europe.

v  Donatello (1386-1466)

 The most important sculptor in Florence in the early 15^th c.  

Bronze David

v  Leonardo da Vinci

The Last Supper 1495-98

Mona Lisa 1503-5

v   Michelangelo Buenarroti

Pieta 1498-1500

David 1501-4

Sistine Ceiling 1508-12

The Last Judgement 1534-41

v   Raphael

 The School of Athens 1509-11